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qālū
They will say
V – 3rd person masculine plural perfect verb + PRON – subject pronoun waw
Root Link: ق و ل
rabbanā
Our Lord
N – accusative masculine noun + PRON – 1st person plural object pronoun na
Root Link: ر ب ب
man
whoever
REL – relative pronoun
Root Link: م ن
qaddama
brought
V – 3rd person masculine singular (form II) perfect verb
Root Link: ق د م
lanā
upon us
P – prefixed preposition lam + PRON – 1st person plural personal pronoun na
Root Link: ل
hādhā
this
DEM – masculine singular demonstrative pronoun
Root Link: ه ا ذ
fazid'hu
increase for him
REM – prefixed resumption particle fa + V – 2nd person masculine singular imperative verb + PRON – 3rd person masculine singular possessive pronoun ha
Root Link: ز ى د
ʿadhāban
a punishment
N – accusative masculine indefinite noun
Root Link: ع ذ ب
ḍiʿ'fan
double
ADJ – accusative masculine singular indefinite adjective
Root Link: ض ع ف
in
P – preposition
Root Link: ف ى
l-nāri
the Fire
DET – determiner prefix al + N – genitive feminine noun 
Root Link: ن و ر

Acknowledgements:

Single-Word Audio has been made possible through software provided by Arabi for Arabic NLP

James Ada's concordance work; his research can be found at www.organizedQuran.com
Note: James is now a member of the IslamAwakened Continuity Board

The work of Dr. Shehnaz Shaikh and Ms. Kausar Khatri; their work is here The Glorious Quran Word-for-Word Translation to facilitate learning of Quranic Arabic

The Easy Dictionary of the Qur'an by Shaikh Abdul Karim Parekh

And of course Lane's Lexicon: An Arabic-English Lexicon: Derived From the Best and the Most Copious Eastern Sources by Edward William Lane