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qālū
They said
V – 3rd person masculine plural perfect verb + PRON – subject pronoun waw
Root Link: ق و ل
tal-lahi
By Allah
P – prefixed preposition ta (oath) + PN – genitive proper noun
Root Link: ا ل ه
laqad
certainly
EMPH – emphatic prefix lam + CERT – particle of certainty
Root Link: ق د
ātharaka
has preferred you
V – 3rd person masculine singular (form IV) perfect verb + PRON – 2nd person masculine singular object pronoun ka
Root Link: ا ث ر
l-lahu
Allah
PN – nominative proper noun
Root Link: ا ل ه
ʿalaynā
over us
P – preposition + PRON – 1st person plural object pronoun na
Root Link: ع ل ى
wa-in
and indeed
CONJ – prefixed conjunction wa (and) + COND – conditional particle
Root Link: ا ن
kunnā
we have been
V – 1st person plural perfect verb + PRON – 1st person plural object pronoun na
Root Link: ك و ن
lakhāṭiīna
sinners
EMPH – emphatic prefix lam + N – accusative masculine plural active participle
Root Link: خ ط ا

Acknowledgements:

Single-Word Audio has been made possible through software provided by Arabi for Arabic NLP

James Ada's concordance work; his research can be found at www.organizedQuran.com
Note: James is now a member of the IslamAwakened Continuity Board

The work of Dr. Shehnaz Shaikh and Ms. Kausar Khatri; their work is here The Glorious Quran Word-for-Word Translation to facilitate learning of Quranic Arabic

The Easy Dictionary of the Qur'an by Shaikh Abdul Karim Parekh

And of course Lane's Lexicon: An Arabic-English Lexicon: Derived From the Best and the Most Copious Eastern Sources by Edward William Lane